LinuxHostingSupport

HowTo GRANT privileges to a Mysql user from the command line? This can be done by logging to the server via SSH. Once you are logged in, goto the Mysql prompt with the mysql user and password.

# mysql -uroot -p<mysql-pass-here>

Once at the prompt, create a database:

mysql> create database dbname;

The database with ‘dbname’ has been created. Now we need to create a user who will have access to the database. This can be done by granting privileges using ‘grant’ command

mysql> grant all on dbname.* to 'dbuser'@'localhost' identified \
by 'password';

The user ‘dbuser’ will now have access to database ‘dbname’ using the password ‘password’. This user can access only from the local server and not from external machine.

To allow user to access the database remotely, say from IP 1.2.3.4, execute:

mysql> grant all on dbname.* to 'dbuser'@'1.2.3.4' identified \
by 'password';

Using the above command, you can grant privileges to multiple users to access a database.

If you mess up with the ownership of all the users on a cPanel server, following script will help you to correct the ownership:

#  for i in `cat /etc/trueuserdomains | awk ‘{print $2}’`
> do
> /bin/chown $i.$i /home/$i -R;
> /bin/chown $i.mail /home/$i/etc -R;
> /bin/chown $i.nobody /home/$i/public_html;
> done;

The ownership of the home directory of a user, etc and public_tml will be corrected in a one go.

The  path to various logs files on a cPanel server for different services is listed below:

Apache Web Server Logs:

/usr/local/apache/logs/access_log
/usr/local/apache/logs/error_log

Exim (Email) Logs:

/var/log/exim_mainlog
/var/log/exim_paniclog
/var/log/exim_rejectlog

Ftp Logs:

/var/log/messages

Mysql Logs:

/var/lib/mysql/server.hostname.err

Cronjob Logs:

/var/log/cron

Server Logs:

/var/log/messages

SSH Logs:

/var/log/secure

cPanel Installation Logs:

/var/log/cpanel-install-thread0.log

ChkServd (cPanel Monitoring Daemon) Logs:

/var/log/chkservd.log

Named (Bind) Logs:

/var/log/messages

Last successful login attempts to the server:

/var/log/wtmp (but to view the details, execute the command “last”)

Last unsuccessful login attempts to the server:

/var/log/utmp (To view the logs, execute “lastb” command)

Domlogs of an Account:

/usr/local/apache/domlogs/domainname.tld

Mod Security Logs:

/usr/local/apache/logs/modsec_audit.log
/usr/local/apache/logs/modsec_debug_log

Apache SUEXEC Logs:

/usr/local/apache/logs/suexec_log

cPanel Access and Error Logs:

/usr/local/cpanel/logs/access_log
/usr/local/cpanel/logs/error_log

Stats Execution Logs:

/usr/local/cpanel/logs/stats_log

cPanel License Logs:

/usr/local/cpanel/logs/license_log

cPanel Backup Logs:

/usr/local/cpanel/logs/cpbackup/*.log

Tomcat Logs:

/usr/local/jakarta/tomcat/logs/catalina.err
/usr/local/jakarta/tomcat/logs/catalina.out

Howto check number of emails in the mail queue:

exim -bpc

To check the email ID, sender and receiver of the each email:

exim -bp | more

To delete frozen emails from the mail queue, execute:

exim -bp | grep ‘frozen’ | awk ‘{print $3}’ | xargs exim -Mrm

similarly, to delete emails sent using a script’

exim -bp | grep ‘<>’ | awk ‘{print $3}’ | xargs exim -Mrm

Plesk uses a database called ‘psa’ to save all the details about the domains, settings, users and their passwords in plain text. A person with root access to the server can easily retrieve email account passwords in a Plesk server from the Mysql prompt.

SSH to the server and connect to the Mysql server

# mysql -uadmin -p`cat /etc/psa/.psa.shadow`

At the mysql prompt, goto the ‘psa’ database which is used by Plesk.

mysql> use psa;

and execute the following command to retrieve passwords of all the email accounts on a domain

mysql> select mail_name, password from domains, mail, accounts where \
domains.name='domainname.com' and domains.id=mail.dom_id and \
mail.id=accounts.id;

where,
replace domainname.com with the actual domain name whose email account passwords you wish to retrieve.
domains, mail, accounts are the table names where different entries of an email account is stored.